战斗机飞行员加压供氧面罩高空供氧防护性能评定

详细介绍了战斗机飞行员新型YM9915加压供氧面罩和TK - 11飞行保护头盔配套的高空供氧防护性能生理评价实验结果。分析讨论了新型加压供氧面罩与飞行保护头盔配套的供氧防护性能特点 ,并针对其不足提出改进建议     

中试试验对比PAC和PAFC处理低温饮用水的混凝性能

低温降低了混凝剂的混凝性能，为保持传统混凝沉淀工艺中低温条件下饮用水的出水水质，需要优选混凝性能更好的混凝剂。本试验选用了小试试验中性能更优的无机高分子复合混凝剂PAFC（聚合氯化铝铁）与无机高分子混凝剂PAC（聚合氯化铝）进行中试对比试验。试验结果表明铁铝复合混凝剂PAFC在低温条件下的混凝性能要优于铝盐PAC。使用PAFC时混凝澄清池的出水浊度能保持在3NTU以内，在0．55～2．87NTU之间变化。而使用PAC的出水浊度在1．44～3．87NTU之间。比较其他出水指标如色度、氨氮、pH、电导率、铁和CODM。后发现，当PAFC比PAC平均节省药剂12．3％时，PAFC的处理效果仍旧比PAC好。     

Population Analysis of Sables in the Ural–Ob Region of the Species Range

An attempt at population analysis of sables in the Ural–Ob region of the species range was made with the use of vast biological material (craniometry, 1909 specimens; ecological structure, 2157 specimens; and coat color, 439169 pelts). Population groups in the region were mainly described on the basis of morphological, geographic, historical, and ecological criteria. Seven spatially separated population groups were found, which were named after the main rivers of their habitats: the Tavda–Konda–Sos'va, Dem'yanka, Salym–Yugan, Agan–Vakh, Kazym–Nazym, Nadym–Kunovat, and Pur–Taz groups. They distinctly differed from one another with respect to cranial measurements, coat color, and some structural demographic parameters. In some cases, morphological differences reached the subspecies level. The data obtained make it possible to revise the pattern of geographic variation within the species range.     

水葫芦制备生物气高效工艺中试研究

在5m3发酵规模探索水葫芦中温厌氧制备生物气的高效工艺发酵,试验表明工艺的发酵起动配方为污泥水∶水葫芦∶猪粪便=4∶3∶0.5,C/N 30,TS 8%,酵补料为100%水葫芦,发酵温度35～45℃,间歇搅拌,pH控制7.7±0.1,其中技术要点包括水葫芦应尽量粉碎均匀,接种醋酸杆菌加快酸化速度,添加尿素补充氮素养分等。     

坚持生态农业方向，是山区经济持续发展的动力——南涧县变迁的启示

介绍了大理州南涧县早期生态农业试点成果和近年来的发展状况,认为南涧县长年坚持生态农业建设,依托“高山、净土、生态”优势,走出了一条区域化布局,规模化发展,标准化生产,一体化经营,品牌化导向的发展模式。     

合芜蚌自主创新试验区实施排污权交易的法律障碍及对策分析

排污权交易制度是利用市场机制控制环境污染的有效途径。相对于传统方法,它具有以最低成本实现最优目标的优势。在经济相对发达、排污强度较大的合芜蚌自主创新试验区,尝试通过经济手段控制污染排放,意义显著。与此同时,合芜蚌自主创新试验区当前推行排污权交易还面临若干法律问题,必须有相应的完善措施。从某种意义上讲,在合芜蚌自主创新试验区实施排污权交易,就是将排污权交易纳入有关法规,为排污权交易提供法律依据和制度保障。     

生物活性炭塔中有机物沿程降解规律和降解动力学模型

上流式曝气生物活性炭塔(BAC)中的废水、空气从下往上流过生物活性炭层。为研究废水中有机物沿活性炭层的降解规律,生物活性炭塔由下至上共设有10个废水取样口,研究沿程各区间段对有机物的降解差异。试验结果表明在水力负荷为5.02~10.04 L/(m2·min),气水比为4∶1~6∶1时,COD、UV、色度的脱除主要集中在塔的中下部,占总脱除率70%以上。进水废水浓度对脱色率影响不大,对COD的脱除率有影响,进水废水浓度过大,脱除率降低。依据推流反应器模型,推导出废水净化塔中COD的降解动力学方程:Ce=Coexp(-2.406 4 H/L0.962)。     

生物沥浸处理提高城市污泥脱水性能的中试研究：连续运行模式

采用有效容积为700 L的推流式生物沥浸反应器对城市污泥进行连续10 d的生物沥浸处理,采用折流方式将反应器从进泥端到处理结束后的排泥端,沿程方向依次划分为1～6区.对试验过程中各区的pH变化趋势,各区污泥的脱水性能（用污泥比阻SRF表征）及生物沥浸污泥经厢式压滤脱水泥饼含水率及其水分蒸发速度进行了系统的研究.结果表明...     

A tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer for formaldehyde atmospheric measurements validated by simulation chamber instrumentation

A tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer (TDLAS) for formaldehyde atmospheric measurements has been set up and validated through comparison experiments with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) in a simulation chamber. Formaldehyde was generated in situ in the chamber from reaction of ethene with ozone. Three HCHO ro-vibrational line intensities (at 2909.71, 2912.09 and 2914.46 cm^-1) possibly used by TDLAS were calibrated by FT-IR spectra simultaneously recorded in the 1600-3200 cm^-1 domain during ethene ozonolysis, enabling the on-line deduction of the varying concentration for HCHO in formation. The experimental line intensities values inferred confirmed the calculated ones from the updated HITRAN database. In addition, the feasibility of stratospheric in situ HCHO measurements using the 2912.09 cm^-1 line was demonstrated. The TDLAS performances were also assessed, leading to a 2σ detection limit of 88 ppt in volume mixing ratio with a response time of 60 sec at 30 Torr and 294 K for 112 m optical path. As part of this work, the room-temperature rate constant of this reaction and the HCHO formation yield were found to be in excellent agreement with the compiled literature data.     

温度对城市污水厌氧生物滤池运行效果与菌群结构的影响

城市污水厌氧产甲烷是城市污水资源化利用途径之一,但低有机物浓度和低温条件影响和限制该工艺在城市污水处理方面的应用.为此,在中试反应器中对厌氧生物滤池处理实际城市污水的启动方式、不同温度条件下系统运行效果和菌群结构的变化进行了研究.结果表明,采用间歇运行和连续运行相结合的挂膜方式,可实现工艺的快速启动,出水SCOD浓度稳定在60mg·L~(-1). 14℃以上厌氧生物滤池运行较稳定,水解酸化菌和产甲烷菌代谢趋于平衡,出水SCOD和TCOD浓度稳定在69mg·L~(-1)和90mg·L~(-1). 10℃低温条件下,水解菌群相对丰度下降,系统TCOD去除效果下降;而消化链球菌科(Peptostreptococcaceae)产酸菌相对丰度增加至32.79%,导致系统出水VFA浓度从2mg·L~(-1)升高至12mg·L~(-1);产甲烷菌群数量略有降低,产甲烷能力变化较小,出水SCOD较为稳定.厌氧生物滤池生物膜菌群结构复杂,菌群丰富度和多样性随温度的降低而下降.同时,启动和温度降低过程中,产甲烷菌群结构发生变化,乙酸型产甲烷菌群丰度逐渐升高,成为产甲烷优势菌群.因此,城市污水厌氧生物滤池启动快,能够抵抗温度持续降低的影响,同时,运行9个月不需反冲洗,不存在易堵塞需频繁反冲洗的问题,可更充分地发挥生物滤池的生物接触氧化和过滤截留的作用.